IRC TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED

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Application Note

 
Wideband mmWave and MIMO Testing with Your UXR

Learn to make quick and accurate phase-coherent MIMO measurements with the UXR.

Application Note2023-02-09

PDF 2.4 MB
Oscilloscope in Medical Imaging Applications – Troubleshooting, Installation and Maintenance

Learn how Keysight oscilloscopes help technical personnel with troubleshooting, installation and maintenance of medical imaging equipment to reduce down time.

Application Note2022-12-05

PDF 1.1 MB
Meet Signal Integrity Challenges in Complex Medical Systems

High-speed digital content in complex medical systems is very challenging from a signal integrity perspective. Engineers can meet these challenges with modern hardware and software.

Application Note2022-08-25

PDF 1.6 MB
Testing and Characterizing Power Supplies with Oscilloscope

InfiniiVision 3000 & 4000 X-Series oscilloscopes with power measurements option provide automatic power supply characterization measurements. Learn more.

Application Note2022-08-17

PDF 513 KB
FFT Functions on Keysight 3000T Oscilloscopes

FFTs in oscilloscopes are tools to give a frequency domain view of a signal. Learn how FFT functions on oscilloscopes bring digital and RF designs to market.

Application Note2022-08-17

PDF 1.2 MB
Jitter: Measurements and Instrument Solutions

Explore jitter measurements at high data rates, issues impacting jitter measurement accuracy, and how to select instruments and tools for jitter analysis.

Application Note2021-09-14

PDF 2.9 MB
Oscilloscope Measurement Tools to Help Debug Automotive Serial Buses Quickly

Explore the unique measurement capabilities of Keysight scopes which help you characterize and debug the physical layer of automotive serial buses faster.

Application Note2021-09-14

PDF 1.2 MB
What’s the Difference Between True View and Source Estimate Mode?

Learn the difference between the two common methods for correcting oscilloscope probe response: True View (Vout/Vin) and Source Estimate (Vout/Vsource).

Application Note2021-09-13

PDF 2.3 MB
Separating and Time-Correlating Deterministic Jitter Components

Read practical tips on how to use a real-time oscilloscope with jitter analysis to separate and time-correlate specific deterministic jitter components.

Application Note2021-08-30

PDF 1.3 MB
Infiniium EXR and MXR-Series Oscilloscopes: Quickly Find and Identify Hidden Signal Errors

Troubleshooting and testing designs can be time-consuming on your oscilloscope if you do not know what you are looking for. Keysight's Fault Hunter feature automatically determines which sections of the signal are anomalies.

Application Note2021-05-24

PDF 4.9 MB
Testing Switch Mode Power Supplies Using the Infiniium EXR- and MXR-Series Oscilloscopes

Understand and follow along on implementing the fundamental measurements of input, switching, and output analysis performed by the EXR- and MXR-series oscilloscopes using the optional power analysis software (P/N: D9010PWRA).

Application Note2021-03-15

PDF 2.9 MB
BER Measurement with Real-Time Oscilloscope Integrated in M8070B Software

Going beyond the limits of BER measurement, industry’s first bit error ratio solution enabling BER measurement at and beyond 100 GBaud with both PAM4 and NRZ.

Application Note2021-03-04

PDF 3.2 MB
Triggering on Infrequent Anomalies and Complex Signals using Zone Trigger

When debugging digital designs, it is often difficult-to-impossible to set up an oscilloscope totrigger on specific and unique signal problems. The Keysight Technologies, Inc. Zone Trigger, which is available as a standard feature in all InfiniiVision 3000T, 4000 and 6000 X-Series oscilloscopes, can be used in conjunction with conventional oscilloscope triggering to help zero-in on problem signals. If you can see the problem signal, then you can trigger on it using Zone Trigger.

Application Note2021-02-15

PDF 8.2 MB
Infiniium Oscilloscopes with 89600 VSA Software

Learn the characteristics, setup, and operation of an Infiniium Series oscilloscope and the 89600 VSA software to provide broadband vector signal analysis.

Application Note2020-11-10

PDF 4.9 MB
How to Test USB Power Delivery Over Type-C

USB Type-C power delivery creates possibilities for USB connected devices with higher, bi-directional power and power for non-USB devices with ALT mode. Learn more about verification/compliance.

Application Note2020-04-23

PDF 3.7 MB
MIMO and Wideband Millimeter-Wave Testing with the UXR

Learn to make quick and accurate phase-coherent MIMO measurements with the UXR.

Application Note2020-02-27

PDF 4.8 MB
Tips and Techniques for Accurate Characterization of 28 Gb/s Designs

The worldwide demand for data capacity in networks greatly increases every year, driven by services like cloud computing and Video on Demand.

Application Note2019-10-05

PDF 9.3 MB
InfiniiVision Series Oscilloscopes with 89600 VSA Software

Characteristics, setup, & operation of InfiniiVision oscilloscopes when combined with the 89600 VSA software to provide broadband vector signal analysis.

Application Note2019-09-26

PDF 747 KB
S-Parameter Requirements for Oscilloscope De-Embedding

A tutorial in helping the reader achieve the big picture of interoperating oscilloscope data and how to understand its relationship to S-parameters.

Application Note2019-09-20

PDF 1.9 MB
Overcoming Test Challenges of USB Type-C

An intro to the USB Type-C connector, the interface functions it provides, and test implications engineers face when integrating the connector into designs.

Application Note2019-08-28

PDF 3.1 MB
Understanding PCI Express® 3.0 Physical Layer Transmitter Testing

Learn more about PCI Express® 3.0 Physical Layer Transmitter Testing from Keysight for high-performance applications – Part 1 of 3.

Application Note2019-08-19

PDF 4.0 MB
Practical Application of the InfiniiSim Waveform Transformation Toolset

This final paper puts together the concepts and theory already presented in the preceding papers. It presents and addresses five common problems that confront engineers.

Application Note2018-02-23

PDF 13.3 MB
10 Tips for Making Your Best Power Integrity Measurements

Fundamental techniques for measuring and analyzing DC power supplies using MXR-Series oscilloscopes, D9110POWA power integrity analysis software, and N7020A power rail probes.

Application Note2022-09-01

PDF 3.9 MB
6 Oscilloscope Tricks to Get the Most Out of Your Scope

Get the most out of your oscilloscope with these six tips covering basic triggering, probing, scaling signals, using the right acquisition mode, and more.

eBook2022-11-17

PDF 5.5 MB
What is Frequency Response Analysis

Learn what frequency response analysis is and why it is so important with today’s electronics to ensure performance requirements are met.

Application Note2020-05-14

PDF 832 KB
Characterizing Hi-Speed USB 2.0 Serial Buses In Embedded Designs

Characterizing high speed USB 2.0 signals in embedded designs is challenging. Learn how to use oscilloscopes to easily test and characterize USB 2.0 signals.

Application Note2019-11-28

PDF 4.9 MB
Evaluating Oscilloscopes to Debug Mixed-Signal Designs

Learn about what a mixed signal oscilloscope is, the necessary requirements, mixed-signal triggering and how this can help in your test and debug of embedded designs.

White Paper2019-09-19

PDF 4.8 MB
Evaluating Oscilloscope Noise Impact

An oscilloscope's vertical noise impacts your measurements. Learn how to characterize that noise and accurately perform measurements in the presence of noise.

White Paper2019-08-23

PDF 4.58 MB
Evaluating Oscilloscope Signal Integrity

Signal Integrity impacts all oscilloscope measurements. It is the primary measure of signal quality. Does your oscilloscope provide the signal quality you need to measure with confidence? Learn about the various important considerations that determine an oscilloscopes overall measurement quality.

Application Note2019-07-12

PDF 4.38 MB
Using Microwave Switches When Testing High Speed Serial Digital Interfaces

Many high speed digital interfaces use multiple lanes to achieve their system's throughput requirements. Most issues associated with this can be resolved with a switching network.

Application Note2019-04-05

PDF 4.86 MB
Evaluating Oscilloscope Bandwidths for Your Application

This application note discusses the use of .NET methods to add functionality to IVI-COM drivers to access a deeper set of instrument functionality with minimal programming.

Application Note2023-01-04

PDF 1.3 MB
Basic Oscilloscope Fundamentals

This paper provides an overview of oscilloscope basics. You will learn what an oscilloscope is and how to use an oscilloscope to improve your measurements.

Application Note2022-07-08

PDF 1.5 MB
Enabling Breakthroughs in Terabit Research and Process Line

This application note explores new measurement capabilities that enable breakthroughs in terabit research. It outlines four groundbreaking applications: coherent optical, 802.11ay WLAN, high-speed digital buses, and 5G MIMO.

Application Note2019-01-16

PDF 3.2 MB
Tips for Making Low Current Measurements with an Oscilloscope and Current Probe

Read useful tips to make easy and accurate low current measurements using a clamp-on current probe with an oscilloscope without breaking the circuit.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 1.5 MB
Addressing Challenges of High-Speed Digital I/O COTS Technologies

See how Keysight can help you address challenges of COTS digital I/O technologies and ensure success in migrating to digital I/O COTS technologies.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 8.1 MB
3GPP Long Term Evolution: System Overview, Product Development and Test Challenges

This application note focuses on LTE and includes content on system overview, product development and test challenges of this new wireless communications technology.

Application Note2014-08-05

PDF 3.7 MB
Can Your Oscilloscope Capture Elusive Events? Why Waveform Update Rate Matters

Your scopes waveform update rate matters. Learn how to measure the update rate of your scope and how update rate affects the dead time as well as the probability of capturing glitches.

White Paper2018-07-03

PDF 1.5 MB
Comparison of Different Jitter Analysis Techniques With a Precision Jitter Transmitter

Comparison of jitter analysis techniques with a precision jitter transmitter. Learn why some jitter test sets fail to achieve accurate jitter measurements.

White Paper2017-12-03

PDF 792 KB
Time Domain Reflectometry Theory - Application Note

When compared to other measurement techniques, time domain reflectometry provides a more intuitive and direct look at the DUT's characteristics.

Application Note2015-02-01

PDF 1.1 MB
How to Make the Best Switch Mode Power Supply Measurements

Oscilloscope power measurement options provide a quick and easy way to analyze the reliability and efficiency of switching power supplies.

Application Note2018-07-27

PDF 2.4 MB
Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) Measurements (Part 1)

Explore Part 1 of a 3-part series on Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP). This part focuses on ITX_COIL measurements during the power transfer state (non-beacons).

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 1.7 MB
Debugging USB 2.0 Compliance Testing

Infiniium’s USB test option makes USB compliance testing easy by eliminating the need to manually transfer oscilloscope data to another PC for analysis.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 1.2 MB
Waveform Analysis for High-Speed Digital Communications

Learn how to perform fast and accurate waveform analysis of high-speed digital communications signals using Keysight 86100C and 86108A.

Application Note2017-12-01

PDF 10.09 MB
Using Clock Jitter Analysis to Reduce BER in Serial Data Applications

Learn emerging techniques for reference clock jitter analysis for serial data systems and use clock jitter to reduce the bit error ratio (BER) in applications.

Application Note2020-09-22

PDF 6.4 MB
Comparison of Different Jitter Analysis Techniques With a Precision Jitter Transmitter

Comparison of jitter analysis techniques with a precision jitter transmitter. Learn why some jitter test sets fail to achieve accurate jitter measurements.

White Paper2017-12-03

PDF 792 KB
Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) Measurements (Part 2)

Explore Part 2 of a 3-part series on Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP). This part focuses on ITX_COIL measurements during the power save state, including beacon.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 1.8 MB
Capturing the Fifth Harmonic: Tradeoffs Between Sampling and Real Time scopes

How much oscilloscope bandwidth do you need? Scope vendors promote a “fifth harmonic” rule of thumb but is that wise? Learn how to buy the right scope.

Application Note2014-08-02

PDF 835 KB
Equivalent Time Sampling Oscilloscope vs. Real-Time Oscilloscope

Equivalent time sampling scopes and real time sampling oscilloscopes have different trigger requirements and sample incoming waveforms differently. Learn more.

Application Note2021-04-09

PDF 3.7 MB
Signal Integrity Analysis Series Part 2: 4-Port TDR/VNA/PLTS

Part 2 of signal integrity analysis and 4-port techniques using TDR and VNA to help digital designers get the design right the first time. Learn more.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 7.7 MB
Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP) Measurements Using an Oscilloscope (Part 3)

Explore Part 3 of a 3-part series on Alliance for Wireless Power (A4WP). This part focuses on power and efficiency measurements with an oscilloscope.

Application Note: 2017-12-01

PDF 2.1 MB
Using Oscilloscope Segmented Memory for Serial Bus Applications

Learn how to use an oscilloscope's segmented memory to capture a longer time span and more serial packets while still digitizing at a high sample rate.

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 2.7 MB
Coherent Optical Communications Test Challenges

This app note describes troubleshooting needs of coherent optical communication and how our products can be used to improve coherent optical system testing.

Application Note2017-09-02

PDF 1.7 MB
Signal Integrity Analysis Series Part 3: The ABCs of De-Embedding

Learn how to address signal integrity problems early, to ensure optical circuit design and development that works reliably at a reasonable cost.

Application Note2014-08-02

PDF 1.7 MB
Automotive Serial Bus Testing Using Oscilloscopes

Learn how to use oscilloscopes to characterize the performance of your automotive buses including CAN, CAN FD, LIN, FlexRay, and SENT.

White Paper2019-10-06

PDF 7.4MB
Waveform Analysis for High-Speed Digital Communications

Learn how to perform fast and accurate waveform analysis of high-speed digital communications signals using Keysight 86100C and 86108A.

Application Note2017-12-01

PDF 10.09 MB
A Time-Saving Method for Analyzing Signal Integrity in DDR Memory Buses

New InfiniiScan software helps save time by eliminating the need to isolate read-write signals to analyze signal characteristics in DDR memory. Learn how!

Application Note2017-12-03

PDF 4.8 MB
Characterizing CAN Bus Arbitration Using Oscilloscopes

Read about the CAN bus arbitration process and techniques to characterize the physical layer of the differential CAN bus for automotive system debug using a scope.

Application Note: 2017-12-01

PDF 1.3 MB
Evaluating Oscilloscopes for Low-Power Measurements

This application note provides an explanation of low power measurement attributes for oscilloscopes including software features and probes.

Application Note: 2017-12-01

PDF 2.1 MB
Using the Keysight Infiniium Series Real-time Oscilloscope to Validate the DigRF

Learn how easy it is to use Keysight’s real-time oscilloscopes to test and validate digital interfaces for DigRF interoperability and speed up DigRF v3-based designs.

Application Note2014-08-02

PDF 1.9 MB
S-parameter Series: Using the Time-Domain Reflectometer

See how TDRs provide digital designers powerful tools that not only display impedance measurements, but also provide S-parameter measurements for de-embedding.

Application Note: 2014-08-02

PDF 5.5 MB
Strategies for Debugging Serial Bus Systems with Ininiium Oscilloscopes

This application note discusses the challenges associated with and new solutions for debugging serial bus designs including PCI-Express Generation 1, Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C), Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), or Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Application Note2014-08-02

PDF 948 KB
An Overview of the Electrical Validation of 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T Devices

The technology used in these ports, commonly known as “LAN” or “NIC” ports, is usually one of the 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, and 1000BASE-T standards or a combination of them.

Application Note2018-07-25

PDF 7.1 MB
USB 2.0 Compliance Testing with Infiniium Oscilloscopes

This application note discusses the solution for the USB 2.0 test suite. The Keysight solution is the only one-box solution that uses the official USB-IF scripts for precompliance and compliance testing.

Application Note2022-11-15

PDF 1.9 MB
Signal Integrity Analysis Series Part 1: Single-Port TDR, TDR/TDT, and 2-Port TDR

Part 1 of a 2-part series explaining techniques in signal integrity analysis for those who use single-port TDR, TDR/TDT and 2-port TDR. Learn more.

Application Note2023-01-06

PDF 18.5 MB
Oscilloscope Sample Rates versus Sampling Fidelity

Higher sample rate scopes are not always better. Learn more about Nyquist’s sampling and how to evaluate scope sample rates vs. signal fidelity for accurate results.

Application Note2023-01-09

PDF 2.9 MB
Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) Measurements

This application explores the time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurement limitations and sources of measurement errors. Learn more!

Application Note2017-12-04

PDF 1.1 MB
 
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